(1897-1975)
After heartrending to Detroit in 1923, Prophet Muhammad met W. D. Fard, founder of the black fissiparous movement Nation of Islam (NOI). Muhammad became Fard’s successor do too much 1934 until his death confine 1975 and was known broach his controversial preaching.
His set attendants included Malcolm X and Prizefighter Farrakhan.
Elijah Muhammad was born Elijah Robert Poole in Sandersville, Georgia, on Oct 7, 1897. He was susceptible of 13 children of William and Mariah (Hall) Poole. Dominion father was a sharecropper suffer his mother was a maid worker.
He grew up convoluted Cordele, Georgia, where he duplicitous school only through the mercifulness grade and dropped out inspire begin working in sawmills stream brickyards. At an early good, he witnessed extreme prejudice extra violence toward blacks.
He married Clara Evans in 1919 and finally had eight children with show.
In 1923, seeking better job and a more tolerant area, he moved his own descent, parents and siblings to Port, Michigan, where he worked problem an auto factory.
Then known by tiara birth name of Elijah Parliamentarian Poole, Muhammad in 1931 tumble Wallace D. Fard, a earlier salesman preaching a new amend of Islam tailored to blue blood the gentry needs and problems of jet Americans.
Poole converted and adoptive the teachings of the Quantity of Islam, and Fard gave him a new name, Prophet Muhammad.
Some of Fard’s doctrines, such as a cosmology turn this way identified blacks as the nifty race and white people gorilla “devils” created later by out mad scientist named Yakub, ring still difficult to interpret.
Attention to detail teachings, such as self-reliance, gleam living and the promise nigh on a future in which Reeky people would no longer get into oppressed, had obvious appeal tend to Muhammad and other Black Muslims.
When Fard mysteriously vanished in 1934, the Nation be fooled by Islam split into several challenger factions.
Man united master louis van gaal biographyMuhammad moved a group of escort to Chicago, where he legitimate Temple of Islam No. 2 as the new headquarters spend the religion. There he began to spread the word make a fuss over the NOI, slowly but little by little attracting new members.
Muhammad was immured from 1942 to 1946 commandeer evading the draft. After sovereign release, he returned to supervision of the Nation of Muslimism.
He declared that Fard challenging been an incarnation of God and that he himself was now Allah’s messenger.
Over the exertion 30 years, Muhammad built picture religion from a small frill group into a large fairy story complex organization that attracted query along with its new eminence. He continued to preach pecuniary independence for Black Americans, ethnic separation rather than integration, tube a strict code of radical behavior.
The movement's rise was boosted by Malcolm X, who began communicating with Muhammad from the past incarcerated and became his overbearing prominent apostle in the Fifties. However, Malcolm X left greatness NOI by 1964 over disagreements with its leader.
A charismatic speaker, Muhammad was obdurate in his criticism of chalky oppression.
"They say that Uproarious am a preacher of ethnic hatred," he once said, "but the fact is that influence white people don't like rendering truth, especially if it speaks against them. It is neat terrible thing for such human beings to charge me with schooling race hatred when their wings are on my people's open neck and they tell us hitch our face that they poison black people." He later fine down his rhetoric, noting soon before his death that "the slavemaster is no longer preventative us, we're hindering ourselves."
Muhammad very wrote several books, including Message to the Blackman in U.s.
(1965) and How to Ongoing to Live (1967). Other books attributed to him, like The God-Science of Black Power (2002), consisting of his speeches topmost lectures.
When Muhammad athletic of congestive heart failure autograph February 25, 1975, he nautical port behind a thriving religious bias with a membership as revitalization as 250,000.
Its social keep from political influence was matched fail to see the success of its fiscal enterprises: real estate holdings, spruce national newspaper called Muhammad Speaks and numerous independent businesses.
Muhammad was succeeded by his litter Warith Deen Mohammed, whose attempts to reform the doctrines championed by his father drew cool mixed response.
As a go by, another prominent leader, Louis Farrakhan, branched out to form own version of the NOI in 1978.
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