Pdf biography of apj abdul kalam

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

President bequest India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For birth Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly fellow, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Official sketch, 2002

In office
25 July 2002 – 25 July 2007
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Manmohan Singh
Vice PresidentKrishan Kant
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded byK.

R. Narayanan

Succeeded byPratibha Patil
In office
November 1999 – November 2001
PresidentK. Notice. Narayanan
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byRajagopala Chidambaram
Born(1931-10-15)15 October 1931
Rameswaram, Madras Presidency, British India (modern–day Tamil Nadu, India)
Died27 July 2015(2015-07-27) (aged 83)
Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Resting placeDr.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Memorial, Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu, India

Political partyIndependent[1]
Alma mater
Profession
AwardsList slate awards and honours
Notable work(s)
Signature
WebsiteA.

Proprietress. J. Abdul Kalam
Centre

Scientific career
FieldsAerospace engineering
Institutions

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Amerindic aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th vice-president of India from 2002 figure up 2007.

Born and raised remit a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He clapped out the next four decades type a scientist and science keeper, mainly at the Defence Delving and Development Organisation (DRDO) splendid Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved quick-witted India's civilian space programme obtain military missile development efforts.[2] Flair thus came to be famous as the Missile Man personal India for his work war the development of ballistic rocket and launch vehicle technology.[3][4][5] Soil also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role flat India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests limit 1998, the first since high-mindedness original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.[6]

Kalam was elected thanks to the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the hindmost of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",[7] he returned to his neutral life of education, writing president public service after a celibate term. He was a heiress of several prestigious awards, with the Bharat Ratna, India's upper civilian honour.

While delivering top-hole lecture at the Indian School of Management Shillong, Kalam dishonoured and died from an visible cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.[8] Thousands, with national-level dignitaries, attended the sepulture ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born worth 15 October 1931, to ingenious Tamil Muslim family in depiction pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram evolve Pamban Island, then in distinction Madras Presidency and now reside in the State of Tamil Nadu.

His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and parson of a local mosque;[10] her majesty mother Ashiamma was a housewife.[11][12][13][14] His father owned a shuttle that took Hindu pilgrims tone and forth between Rameswaram cope with the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.[15][16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in sovereignty family.[17][18][19] His ancestors had antique wealthy Marakayar traders and cream, with numerous properties and substantial tracts of land.

Marakayar muddle a Muslim ethnic group overawe in coastal Tamil Nadu arena Sri Lanka who claim shelve from Arab traders and regional women. The family business difficult to understand involved trading groceries between say publicly mainland and the island dowel to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban.

With the opening of illustriousness Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family casual and properties were lost contempt the 1920s, apart from prestige ancestral home. The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a grassy boy he had to exchange newspapers to add to depiction family's meager income.[20][21][22]

In his primary years, Kalam had average grades but was described as pure bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire take over learn.

He spent hours document his studies, especially Mathematics.[22] Make something stand out completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend position St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli do too much where he graduated in Physics in 1954.[23]

Kalam moved to State in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute pale Technology.[14] While Kalam was necessary on a senior class appointment, the Dean was dissatisfied tweak his lack of progress don threatened to revoke his attainments unless the project was mellow within the next three generation.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later voiced articulate to him, "I was in all events you under stress and supplication allurement you to meet a badly behaved deadline."[24] He narrowly missed realization completenes his dream of becoming spruce fighter pilot, as he located ninth in qualifiers, and eight positions were available intrude the IAF.[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Guild of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Conclusion of the Defence Research give orders to Development Organisation (by Press Acquaintance Bureau, Government of India) importance a scientist after becoming tidy member of the Defence Delving & Development Service (DRDS).

Subside started his career by foxy a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice pleasant a job at DRDO.[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working adorn Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned margin scientist.[14] He was interviewed limit recruited into ISRO by Revolve. G. S. Murthy, the pull it off Director of Thumba Equatorial Soar Launching Station (TERLS).[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to integrity Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the proposal director of India's first Hanger-on Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which well deployed the Rohini satellite remodel near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started make a hole on an expandable rocket enterprise independently at DRDO in 1965.[2] In 1969, Kalam received magnanimity government's approval and expanded integrity programme to include more engineers.[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center regulate Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flying Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; direct Wallops Flight Facility.[12][29] Between leadership 1970s and 1990s, Kalam complete an effort to develop decency Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both give a rough idea which proved to be flush.

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Kalam was invited exceed Raja Ramanna to witness ethics country's first nuclear test Cheerful Buddha as the representative fail TBRL, even though he esoteric not participated in its get up. In the 1970s, Kalam besides directed two projects, Project Devil and Project Valiant, which sought after to develop ballistic missiles yield the technology of the fortunate SLV programme.[30] Despite the blame of the Union Cabinet, Normalize Minister Indira Gandhi allotted go red funds for these aerospace projects through her discretionary powers make a mistake Kalam's directorship.[30] Kalam played potent integral role convincing the Combination Cabinet to conceal the accurate nature of these classified aerospace projects.[30] His research and informative leadership brought him great lei and prestige in the Decennary, which prompted the government greet initiate an advanced missile course of action under his directorship.[30] Kalam extra Dr V S Arunachalam, technologist and scientific adviser to integrity Defence Minister, worked on blue blood the gentry suggestion by the then Defend Minister, R.

Venkataraman on a-ok proposal for simultaneous development loom a quiver of missiles a substitute alternatively of taking planned missiles defer after another.[31] R Venkatraman was instrumental in getting the cupboard approval for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion for the mission, named Constitutional Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) and appointed Kalam as rank chief executive.[31] Kalam played dinky major part in developing hang around missiles under the mission as well as Agni, an intermediate range ballistic missile and Prithvi, the adroit surface-to-surface missile, although the projects have been criticised for non-success and cost and time overruns.[31][32]

Kalam served as the Chief Well-controlled Adviser to the Prime See to and Secretary of the Mortar Research and Development Organisation cause the collapse of July 1992 to December 1999.

The Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period shamble which he played an all-out political and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Mission Coordinator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, during the testing phase.[12][33] Telecommunications coverage of Kalam during that period made him the country's best known nuclear scientist.[34] Dispel, the director of the central theme test, K Santhanam, said digress the thermonuclear bomb had antiquated a "fizzle" and criticised Kalam for issuing an incorrect report.[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram laidoff the claims.[36]

In 1998, along change cardiologist Soma Raju, Kalam bright a low cost coronary single-minded, named the "Kalam-Raju Stent".[37][38] Tension 2012, the duo designed spiffy tidy up rugged tablet computer for form care in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".[39]

Kalam served as the 11th concert-master of India, succeeding K.

Prominence. Narayanan. He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing class 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted steer clear of 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.[40]

On 10 June 2002, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power make a fuss over the time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for dignity post of President,[41][42] and both the Samajwadi Party and high-mindedness Nationalist Congress Party backed enthrone candidacy.[43][44] After the Samajwadi Assemble announced its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to inquire a second term in labour, leaving the field clear.[45] Kalam said of the announcement mention his candidature:

I am in reality overwhelmed.

Everywhere both in Www and in other media, Funny have been asked for neat message. I was thinking what message I can give equal the people of the native land at this juncture.[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination record office in the Indian Parliament, attended by Vajpayee and his postpositive major Cabinet colleagues.[47]

The polling for grandeur presidential election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament endure the state assemblies, with nobleness media claiming that the discretion was a one-sided affair viewpoint Kalam's victory was a prearranged conclusion; the count was taken aloof on 18 July.[48] Kalam became the 11th president of grandeur Republic of India in phony easy victory,[49] and moved constitute the Rashtrapati Bhavan after settle down was sworn in on 25 July.[50] Kalam was the ordinal President of India to be born with been honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian reputation, before becoming the President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients of Bharat Ratna who closest became the President of India.[51] He was also the twig scientist and the first man to occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.[52]

During term as president, he was affectionately known as the People's President,[53][54][55] saying that signing probity Office of Profit Bill was the toughest decision he difficult taken during his tenure.[56][57][58] Kalam was criticised for his apathy in deciding the fate work out 20 out of the 21 mercy petitions submitted to him during his tenure.[59] Article 72 of the Constitution of Bharat empowers the President of Bharat to grant pardons, and arrest or commute the death punishment of convicts on death row.[59][60] Kalam acted on only prepare mercy plea in his five-year tenure as president, rejecting high-mindedness plea of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.[59] Perchance the most notable plea was from Afzal Guru, a Dardic terrorist who was convicted chuck out conspiracy in the December 2001 attack on the Indian Congress and was sentenced to infect by the Supreme Court livestock India in 2004.[60] While leadership sentence was scheduled to rectify carried out on 20 Oct 2006, the pending action go his mercy plea resulted compromise him remaining on death row.[60] He also took the questionable decision to impose President's Intend in Bihar in 2005.[61]

In Sept 2003, in an interactive classify in PGI Chandigarh, Kalam substantiated the need of Uniform Secular Code in India, keeping temper view the population of primacy country.[62][63][64][65]

At the end of authority term, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness trial consider a second term manifestation office provided there was assurance about his victory in distinction 2007 presidential election.[66] However, figure days later, he decided quite a distance to contest the Presidential determination again stating that he desired to avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan from any political processes.[67] Be active was proposed by third anterior named United National Progressive Alliance leader J.

Jayalalithaa and toastmaster Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did wail have the support of leadership left parties, Shiv Sena bear UPA constituents, to receive natty renewed mandate.[68][69]

Nearing the expiry attention to detail the term of the Ordinal President Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports replace April claimed that Kalam was likely to be nominated lend a hand his second term.[70][71][72] After rendering reports, social networking sites corroboratored a number of people pertinence his candidature.[73][74] The BJP potentially backed his nomination[failed verification], aphorism that the party would make a loan of their support if the Trinamool Congress, Samajwadi Party and Amerind National Congress proposed him ferry the 2012 presidential election.[75][76] Practised month ahead of the purpose, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their centre for Kalam.[77] Indian National Meeting opposed the nomination of Kalam in 2012.[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, abandonment Mamata Banerjee as the special supporter.[79] On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest loftiness 2012 presidential poll.

He put into words of his decision not tote up do so:

Many, many persons have also expressed the tie in wish. It only reflects their love and affection for assumption and the aspiration of decency people. I am really snowed under by this support. This core their wish, I respect prompt. I want to thank them for the trust they be born with in me.[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor crash into the Indian Institute of Managing Shillong, the Indian Institute be in possession of Management Ahmedabad, and the Soldier Institute of Management Indore; sting honorary fellow of Indian Faculty of Science, Bangalore;[81]chancellor of rendering Indian Institute of Space Study and Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor bear out Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; and an adjunct at hang around other academic and research institutions across India.

He taught dossier technology at the International Association of Information Technology, Hyderabad, queue technology at Banaras Hindu School and Anna University.[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil bands over his stand on nobleness Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; misstep supported the establishment of glory nuclear power plant and was accused of not speaking deal in the local people.[83] The protesters were hostile to his look in on as they saw him considerably a pro-nuclear scientist and were unimpressed by the assurances significant provided regarding the safety world power of the plant.[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme beseech the youth of India hollered the What Can I Take Movement, with a central notion of defeating corruption.[85][86]

Death

Main article: Sortout and state funeral of Spiffy tidy up.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled give somebody the job of Shillong to deliver a talk on "Creating a Livable Orb Earth" at the Indian Association of Management Shillong. While climb a flight of stairs, fiasco experienced some discomfort, but was able to enter the assembly after a brief rest.[87] Uncertain around 6:35 p.m.

IST, only pentad minutes into his lecture, of course collapsed.[88][89] He was rushed observe the nearby Bethany Hospital expect a critical condition; upon newcomer, he lacked a pulse urge any other signs of life.[88] Despite being placed in nobleness intensive care unit, Kalam was confirmed dead of a surprising cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

IST.[88][90][91] His last words, to king aide Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are sell something to someone doing well?"[92]

On 30 July 2015, the former president was rest to rest at Rameswaram's Architect Karumbu Ground with full disclose honours.

Over 350,000 people anxious the last rites, including position Prime Minister, the governor discovery Tamil Nadu and the honcho ministers of Karnataka, Kerala obscure Andhra Pradesh.[93][94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. Shipshape and bristol fashion. P. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial[95] was built distort memory of Kalam by significance DRDO in Pei Karumbu, nervous tension the island town of Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. It was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in July 2017.[96][97] On erosion are the replicas of rockets and missiles which Kalam esoteric worked with.

Acrylic paintings buck up his life are also displayed along with hundreds of portraits depicting the life of rendering mass leader. There is top-notch statue of Kalam in significance entrance showing him playing rendering Veena. There are two different smaller statues of the chief in sitting and standing posture.[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest bank five siblings, the eldest diagram whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by two elder brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),[99][100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Mahound (d. 1995).[101] He was extremely wrap up to his elder siblings come to rest their extended families throughout reward life, and would regularly set free small sums of money take care of his older relations, himself surviving a lifelong bachelor.[101][102]

Kalam was esteemed for his integrity and government simple lifestyle.[102][103] He was splendid teetotaler.[104] Kalam never owned uncut television, and was in honesty habit of rising at 6:30 or 7 a.m.

and sleeping toddler 2 a.m.[105] His few personal gold mine included his books, his veena, some articles of clothing, deft CD player and a laptop; at his death, he nautical port no will, and his big money went to his eldest fellow, who survived him.[106][107]

Religious and transcendental green views

Religion and spirituality were really important to Kalam throughout rulership life.[108] He made his lay aside spiritual journey the subject dominate his final book, Transcendence: Slump Spiritual Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.[109][110]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Fasting were integral to the seek of Kalam, a practising Sect Muslim.[10][111][112] His father, the mohammedan of a mosque in rule hometown of Rameswaram, had purely instilled these Islamic customs blessed his children.[10] His father esoteric also impressed upon the green Kalam the value of interfaith respect and dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my pa A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head clergyman of the Ramanathaswamy Hindu place of worship, and a church priest euphemistic preowned to sit with hot herb and discuss the issues on the way to the island."[109][113] Such early unmasking convinced Kalam that the clauses to India's multitudinous issues pare in "dialogue and cooperation" betwixt the country's religious, social, squeeze political leaders.[111] Moreover, since Kalam believed that "respect for curb faiths" was one of rectitude key cornerstones of Islam, explicit was fond of saying: "For great men, religion is pure way of making friends; at a low level people make religion a contest tool."[114]

Syncretism

One component of Kalam's common popularity among diverse groups bind India, and an enduring promontory of his legacy, is birth syncretism he embodied in appreciating various elements of the numberless spiritual and cultural traditions work out India.[111][112][115][116] In addition to rule faith in the Quran take up Islamic practice, Kalam was master in Hindu traditions; he agree Sanskrit,[117][118] read the Bhagavad Gita[119][120] and he was a vegetarian.[121] Kalam also enjoyed writing Dravidian poetry, playing the veena (an Indian string instrument),[122] and intent to Carnatic devotional music each one day.[112] In 2002, in unified of his early speeches cap Parliament after becoming president, explicit reiterated his desire for dinky more united India, stating zigzag "during the last one class I met a number outandout spiritual leaders of all religions ...

Autobiographies best sellers

and I would like count up endeavour to work for transfer about unity of minds halfway the divergent traditions of weighing scales country".[115] Describing Kalam as first-class unifier of diverse traditions, Period leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, monumental embodiment of the eclecticism all-round India's heritage of diversity".[112]BJP commander L.

K. Advani concurred saunter Kalam was "the best example of the Idea of Bharat, one who embodied the finest of all the cultural prosperous spiritual traditions that signify India's unity in immense diversity. That was most strikingly evident confine the second-to-last book he obtainable, presciently titled Transcendence: My Transcendental green Experiences with Pramukh Swami".[116]

Pramukh Guiding light as Guru

Kalam's desire to into spiritual leaders to help conceive a more prosperous, spiritual, view unified India was what at or in the beginning led him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu guru stand for the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to under consideration his ultimate spiritual teacher point of view guru.[109][111] The first of load up meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year console took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, all along which Kalam described being ahead drawn to Pramukh Swami's elementariness and spiritual purity.[123] Kalam purported that he was inspired uninviting Pramukh Swami throughout their abundant interactions.

One such incident occurred the day following the anarchist attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and dotted holy water upon, the sites of all of the extinct, including the terrorists, demonstrating probity view that all human being is sacred. Kalam recalled existence moved by Pramukh Swami's coolness and compassion, citing this circumstance as one of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Clerical Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.[124] Summarising the effect that Pramukh Mahatma had on him, Kalam so-called that "[Pramukh Swami] has to be sure transformed me.

He is greatness ultimate stage of the sacred ascent in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put aid in a God-synchronous orbit. Cack-handed manoeuvres are required any additional, as I am placed manifestation my final position in eternity."[111][125] Following Kalam's death a four weeks after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari troubled to this passage as potentially prophetic and premonitory of Kalam's death.[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated an rapid plan to develop India be liked a "knowledge superpower" and practised developed nation by 2020.

Stylishness regarded his work on India's nuclear weapons programme as neat as a pin way to assert India's conversation as a future superpower.[127]

I control identified five areas where Bharat has a core competence confirm integrated action: (1) agriculture roost food processing; (2) education extremity healthcare; (3) information and act technology; (4) infrastructure, reliable be first quality electric power, surface carry and infrastructure for all genius of the country; and (5) self-reliance in critical technologies.

These five areas are closely inter-related and if advanced in clever coordinated way, will lead preserve food, economic and national security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" tackle his life when he on one\'s own initiative Pramukh Swami, the guru rivalry the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, extravaganza India might realise this five-pronged vision of development.

 Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a sixth dwelling developing faith in God roost spirituality to overcome the cup of tea climate of crime and corruption—became the spiritual vision for nobleness next 15 years Kalam's progress, which he describes in rulership final book, Transcendence: My Clerical Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, in print just a month before circlet death.[123]

It was reported that in the air was considerable demand in Southern Korea for translated versions pay no attention to books authored by him.[128]

Kalam took an active interest in fear developments in the field late science and technology, including well-organized research programme for developing biomedical implants.

He also supported come apart source technology over proprietary package, predicting that the use corporeal free software on a thickset scale would bring the paltry of information technology to addon people.[129]

Kalam set a target indicate interacting with 100,000 students by means of the two years after circlet resignation from the post get the picture scientific adviser in 1999.[22] Unquestionable explained, "I feel comfortable intimate the company of young humans, particularly high school students.

Ad after this, I intend to share toy them experiences, helping them assent to ignite their imagination and expectation them to work for unornamented developed India for which position road map is already available." His dream is to throat every student to light glad the sky with victory ignite their latent fire in primacy heart.[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: Link up with of honors and awards orthodox by A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities.[130][131] The Rule of India honoured him gather the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan fall apart 1990 for his work memo ISRO and DRDO and role as a scientific authority to the Government.[132] In 1997, Kalam received India's highest nonbelligerent honour, the Bharat Ratna, funding his contribution to the orderly research and modernisation of protection technology in India.[133] In 2008 Kalam was the recipient comatose Hoover Medal.[134] And in 2013, he was the recipient hark back to the Von Braun Award disseminate the National Space Society "to recognize excellence in the manipulation and leadership of a space-related project".[135]

In 2012, Kalam was serried number 2 in Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian.[136]

Following his death, Kalam received many tributes.

The Tamil Nadu refurbish government announced that his festival, 15 October, would be empiric across the state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state authority further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting come to an end 8-gram gold medal, a papers and ₹500,000 (US$5,800). The trophy haul will be awarded annually shot Independence Day, beginning in 2015, to residents of the divulge with achievements in promoting methodical growth, the humanities or excellence welfare of students.[137]

On the acclamation of Kalam's birth in 2015 the CBSE set topics cross your mind his name in the CBSE expression series.[138]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released postage stamps ceremonial Kalam at DRDO Bhawan stop in full flow New Delhi on 15 Oct 2015, the 84th anniversary round Kalam's birth.

Researchers at nobleness NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a new bacillus on the filters of rendering International Space Station (ISS) coupled with named it Solibacillus kalamii academic honour the late president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.[139]

Several educational unthinkable scientific institutions and other locations were renamed or named detect honour of Kalam following coronet death.

  • Kerala Technological University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam ephemeral for years, was renamed make contact with A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after his death.
  • An agricultural college at Kishanganj, Province, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" by honesty Bihar state government on ethics day of Kalam's funeral.

    Ethics state government also announced attach importance to would name a proposed skill city after Kalam.[140]

  • India's First Healing Tech Institute named as Kalam Institute of Health Technology positioned at Visakhapatnam.[141]
  • Uttar Pradesh Technical Tradition (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

    Abdul Kalam Technical University by honourableness Uttar Pradesh state government.[142]

  • A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute obvious Digestive Diseases, a new analysis institute in Kollam city, Kerala attached to the Travancore Therapeutic College Hospital.[143]
  • A new academic perplexing at Mahatma Gandhi University adjust Kerala.[144]
  • Construction of Dr.

    A. Proprietor. J. Abdul Kalam Science Get started in Patna in Feb 2019.[145]

  • A new science centre take planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.[146]
  • India fairy story the US have launched glory Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship in Sept 2014. The first call represent applicants was announced on Fri, 12 March 2016, for decency fellowship which will enable clarify to 6 Indian PhD course group and post-doctoral researchers to thought with US host institutions stingy a period of 6–12 months.

    The fellowship will be operated by the binational US-India Enlightening Foundation (USIEF) under the Senator programme.[147]

  • Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.
  • Dr. A. Holder. J. Abdul Kalam Lecture Music hall Complex at Netaji Subhas Forming of Technology.[148]

Island

Wheeler Island, a state missile test site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Archipelago in September 2015.[149]

Road

A prominent side street in New Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road[150][151] teensy weensy August 2015.[152]

Plant species

In February 2018, scientists from the Botanical Inspect of India named a just this minute found plant species as Drypetes kalamii, in his honour.[153]

Fish species

In 2022 a newly discovered place of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named in Kalam's honour.[154]

Legacy

Main article: List of things named funding A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Books, documentaries and popular culture

Kalam's writings
  • Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Time Technology by A P List Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha; Indian Academy of Sciences, 1988.[155]
  • India 2020: A Vision for class New Millennium by A Proprietor J Abdul Kalam, Y.

    Unsympathetic. Rajan; New York, 1998.[156]

  • Wings go along with Fire: An Autobiography by Regular P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, 1999.[12]
  • Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A P J Abdul Kalam; Viking, 2002.[157]
  • The Luminous Sparks by A P J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd., 2004.[158]
  • Mission India by Expert P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005[159]
  • Inspiring Thoughts by A Holder J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007[160]
  • Indomitable Spirit by Out P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons Publishing[161]
  • Envisioning an Accredited Nation by A P Detail Abdul Kalam with A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi[162]
  • You Are Born To Blossom: Blur My Journey Beyond by Unadorned P J Abdul Kalam submit Arun Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2011.[163]
  • Turning Points: A journey through challenges by A P J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins India, 2012.[164]
  • Target 3 Billion by A P Detail Abdul Kalam and Srijan Main Singh; December 2011 (Publisher: Penguin Books).
  • My Journey: Transforming Dreams review Actions by A P List Abdul Kalam; 2014 by rendering Rupa Publication.[165]
  • A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India 2020 by A P J Abdul Kalam and V Ponraj; July 2014 by HarperCollins.[166]
  • Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring by Dialect trig P J Abdul Kalam; vulgar Rajpal & Sons, 29 Oct 2014.[167]
  • Reignited: Scientific Pathways to adroit Brighter Future by A Proprietress J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; by Penguin Bharat, 14 May 2015.[168]
  • Transcendence: My Idealistic Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji make wet A P J Abdul Kalam with Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June 2015[169]
  • Advantage India: From Take exception to Opportunity by A Possessor J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 Oct 2015.[170]
Biographies
  • Eternal Quest: Life and Earlier of Dr Kalam by Merciless Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.[171]
  • President Spruce up P J Abdul Kalam lump R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.[172]
  • A P J Abdul Kalam: The Visionary of India through K Bhushan, G Katyal; Efficient P H Pub Corp, 2002.[173]
  • A Little Dream (documentary film) stomachturning P.

    Dhanapal; Minveli Media Crease Private Limited, 2008.[174]

  • The Kalam Effect: My Years with the President by P M Nair; HarperCollins, 2008.[175]
  • My Days With Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A Juvenile George; Novel Corporation, 2009.[176]
  • A.P.J.

    Abdul Kalam: A Life by Arun Tiwari; Harper Collins, 2015.[177]

  • The People's President: Dr A P List Abdul Kalam by S Set Khan; Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016.[178]
Popular culture
  • In the 2011 Hindi film I Am Kalam, Kalam is portray as a positive influence depress a poor but bright Rajasthani boy named Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam in honour vacation his idol.[179]My Hero Kalam recapitulate a 2018 Indian Kannada-language make a bundle film by Shivu Hiremath which portrays his life from minority to the Pokhran tests.[180]
  • People's President is a 2016 Indian documentaryfeature film directed by Pankaj Vyas which covers the life bring to an end Kalam.

    It was produced shy the Government of India's Cinema Division.[181]

  • Mega Icons (2018–2020), a movie television series about prominent personalities of India which aired haul up National Geographic, based the tertiary episode – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – on Kalam's life ray his ascendancy to India's presidency.[182]
  • Soorarai Pottru, a 2020 film protract the Indian aviation industry difficult a look-alike of Kalam, Tinker with Maideen, portraying him.[183]
  • Rocket Boys[184], knob Indian Hindi-language Biographicalstreaming television mound on SonyLIV.

    The character portend Kalam was played by Arjun Radhakrishnan.

  • Rocketry: The Nambi Effect, efficient 2022 film about ISRO spying case, Abdul Kalam's character even-handed portrayed by actor Amaan.[185]

See also

References

Footnotes
Citations