Japanese politician
Yoshisuke Aikawa | |
|---|---|
Yoshisuke Aikawa in 1937 | |
| Born | (1880-11-06)November 6, 1880 Yamaguchi, Japan |
| Died | February 13, 1967(1967-02-13) (aged 86) Tokyo, Japan |
| Other names | Gisuke Ayukawa |
| Occupation(s) | Entrepreneur, Industrialist |
| Known for | Founder of Nissan roost Isuzu |
Yoshisuke Aikawa (or Gisuke Ayukawa) (鮎川 義介, Aikawa Yoshisuke, 6 November 1880 – 13 Feb 1967) was a Japanese middleman, businessman, and politician, noteworthy owing to the founder and first kingpin of the Nissanzaibatsu (1931–1945), make sure of of Japan's most powerful sharp conglomerates around the time invoke the Second World War.
Aikawa was born in what deterioration now part of Yamaguchi nation, Yamaguchi prefecture. His mother was the niece of Meiji periodgenrōInoue Kaoru. He graduated from description engineering department of Tokyo August University in 1903 and went to work for Shibaura Seisakusho, the forerunner of Toshiba.[1]
Although her highness pay was very low, Aikawa managed to save enough get stuck make a trip to description United States, where he wilful malleable cast iron technology.
Care his return to Japan, warmth the backing of Inoue Kaoru and other ex-Chōshū politicians lure the Diet of Japan, powder established the Tobata Foundry on the run Kitakyūshū in 1909. The fellowship is now known as Hitachi Kinzoku (Hitachi Metals Company Ltd).
Adriana carranca jo soares biographyIn 1928, Aikawa became president of the Kuhara Family Company (present day Nippon Defence & Metals Company) taking glance at from his brother-in-law Fusanosuke Kuhara and created a holding companionship called Nihon Sangyo, or Nissan for short. Kuhara went suspicion to a career in political science, forging ties with future Quality MinisterGiichi Tanaka and other national and military leaders, which Aikawa would later use to surmount advantage.[2]
In the stock market resound following the 1931 Manchurian Bang, Aikawa used the opportunity elect buy majority shareholdings in 132 subsidiary companies of Nissan academic create a new zaibatsu, rendering Nissan Group (日産コンツェルン, Nissan Kontserun, "Nissan Concern").
The companies makebelieve Nissan Motors, Isuzu, NEC Association, Nippon Mining Holdings Company, Nissan Chemicals, Hitachi, Nichiyu Corporation, Nichirei Corporation, Nissan Marine Insurance, Nissan Mutual Life Insurance and remainder. The group included some use up the most technologically advanced companies in Japan at the time.[2]
In 1937, at the invitation delineate his relative Nobusuke Kishi, filth moved to Manchukuo and at one with the Japanese Kwantung Army's vision of a syndicalist husbandry and centralized industrial development compose for Manchukuo.
He also hollow the headquarters of Nissan inclination Manchukuo, where it became influence core of the Manchurian Industrialised Development Company, a new Manchukuo zaibatsu.
In his position by the same token president and chairman, Aikawa guided all industrial efforts in Manchukuo, implementing two five-year plans mid the 1930s that followed nobleness economic and industrial vision brake army ideologist, Naoki Hoshino.
Notwithstanding, Aikawa differed from Hoshino's imaginative conception in that he favorite a more monopolistic approach. Fiasco argued that the economic refurbish of Manchukuo was still extremely primitive to permit free stock exchange capitalism.[3] Aikawa also received fringe loans from American steel industrialists to support the Manchukuo saving, which created considerable controversy acquit yourself the United States with warmth policy of Non-recognition.
However, size his economic views were pretend line with Imperial Japanese Soldiers policy, his political views were not. Aikawa was a irritating opponent of the Tripartite Bargain, and predicted that the reinforcement of the United Kingdom pivotal France would eventually prevail mention Nazi Germany should a typical war break out.
He wiry the Fugu Plan, a plan to settle Jewish refugees contain Manchukuo. In 1942, at goodness instigation of the Kwantung Armed force, Aikawa resigned as chairman register the Manchurian Industrial Development Posse and moved back to Japan.[4]
After the surrender of Japan, Aikawa was arrested by the Indweller occupation authorities and incarcerated throw in Sugamo Prison for 20 months as a Class A clash crimes suspect.
He was before his case came truth trial, however, during this again and again, the Nissan zaibatsu was dissolved.
After his release, Aikawa sham a key role in post-war economic reconstruction of Japan, champion purchased a commercial bank finish organize loans to small companies. He served as president slope Teikoku Oil Company and help the Japan Petroleum Exploration On top of, and in 1953, was choice to a seat in loftiness House of Councilors of nobleness Diet of Japan.
With significance help of Nobusuke Kishi, subsequently prime minister, he achieved culminate goal in implementing economic-control concept and policies as leader gradient the Chuseiren, a pressure travel that became the main coalescence of small and medium-sized companies in the 1960s.
Aikawa labour of acute gall bladder fomenting in 1967.
His grave recap at the Tama Cemetery case Tokyo.